Vechea biserică de lemn a mănăstirii Cebza
Vechea biserică de lemn a mănăstirii Cebza

Vechea biserică de lemn a mănăstirii Cebza

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Unul dintre monumentele istorice de seamă ale orașului Ciacova, deosebit de valoros prin vechimea, valoarea și frumusețea sa deosebită, îl reprezintă bisericuța de lemn a Mănăstirii Cebza. 
Aceasta se află așezată în mijlocul cimitirului din satul Cebza, în imediata apropiere a digului stâng al râului Timiș, la circa 8 km de Ciacova, fiind bine semnalată de indicatoarele turistice încă din comuna Jebel. Potrivit tradiției, vechea biserică de lemn a fost ridicată de călugări în mijlocul unei păduri de stejar, care astăzi nu mai există, pe o insulă a Timișului, în strânsă legătură cu un izvor tămăduitor, care se află chiar în altarul sfântului lăcaș. Vechimea monumentului se pierde în negura vremii, fiind, probabil, cea mai veche biserică păstrată în picioare de pe raza orașului Ciacova. Prima atestare documentară datează din anul 1758, conform însemnării în limba română cu caractere chirilice descoperite pe un Antologhion : biserica s-a zidit la 1758 cu turn tot de lemn, după care urmează :  la biserica aceasta adică a Cebzei s-a făcut turnul și piatra și lemnul la anul 1780 iar a doua oară s-au prănoit numai lemnul la anul 1815. Pe o veche și valoroasă Evanghelie găsim o altă însemnare la această biserică, scrisă tot cu caractere chirilice : În curgerea anului 1850 sau acoperit Sfânta Mănăstire cu șândre cu cheltuiala bisericii prin rânduiala tuturilor Vița Chirică și Păun Tradii, iară preoți Trăilă Musteți, Andrei Olaru și Ioan Petrovici și Gligorie Petco capelan. Deci eu Gheorghie Musteți grecu singur cu mănile miele am lucrat în 120 dă zile fiind eu dă 58 de ani bătrân când am lucrat cu ajutorul lui Dumnezeu. Trei decenii mai târziu, o altă însemnare pe aceeași Evanghelie, de data aceasta cu caractere latine, consemnează o altă reparație la acoperișul bisericii : Spre aducerea aminte. În curgerea anului 1882 sau acoperit Sfânta Mănăstire de nou cu șindre, cu cheltuiala Bisericii prin preotul Alexandru Bugariu și Georgie Treta chinez și Simeon Treta ca tutore la mănăstire. 
Hramul bisericii este Înălțarea Sfintei Cruci, prăznuită la data de 14 septembrie, zi de mare sărbătoare în cimitirul din localitatea Cebza, prilej de pelerinaj pentru o sumedenie de credincioși din întreg Banatul. 
Există tradiția și numeroase relatări despre pelerinajele care se făceau la mănăstire, unde veneau, din vechime, numeroși bolnavi la izvorul tămăduitor. În trecut, existau mai multe cârje în podul bisericii, dovadă a celor care au venit la mănăstire în stare de suferință și au plecat la casele lor sănătoși. O altă relatare se referă la cazul unui învățător din Ciacova care, în urma pierderii unicei sale fiice, a înebunit. Adus în lanțuri la mănăstire, după rugăciunile făcute la izvorul tămăduitor, la orele 3 dimineața adoarme. Trezindu-se după o oră, îi spune fratelui său, care îl însoțise, să-l dezlege din lanțuri, și astfel pleacă, vindecat, acasă. 
            Biserica este de formă dreptunghiulară, fiind zidită din bârne, pe fundament de cărămidă, acoperită cu șindrilă , având 16 m lungime, 6 m lățime, înălțimea pereților de 2,40 m și a acoperișului de 3,10 m. Pereții sunt lipiți cu pământ și spoiți cu var, atât la exterior cât și la interior. Pardoseala este din cărămidă, tot din același material fiind și un soclu, scund de 20 cm. Spre vest, lăcașul are un pridvor scurt de 1,40 m, susținut pe 4 stâlpi de stejar frumos împodobiți cu crestături realizate cu barda. 
            Deasupra pronaosului se înalță un turn destul de scund (2,30 m înălțime), de formă prismatică, acoperit ptintr-un capac piramidal, ambele fiind placate cu șindrilă, așa cum este și acoperișul bisericii. 
            În vremuri mai noi, pereților exteriori de nord și sud li s-au adăugat trei perechi de contraforturi oblice din cărămidă, cu intenția evidentă de a mări rezistența edificiului. Absida altarului prezintă șase laturi, deci cu unghi în axul bisericii. 
            Pridvorul, pronaosul și cea mai mare parte din naos sunt tăvănite. La treimea răsăriteană a navei apare o boltă extrem de interesantă și unică pentru Banat, care acoperă o jumătate din altar, având o secțiune eliptică, realizată din bârne masive de stejar, prin retrageri plane. Iconostasul este realizat tot din bârne cioplite de stejar, lipit cu lut, nu este pictat, la fel ca întregul interior, fiind dotat cu icoane portabile. 
            La câțiva metri în vestul bisericii se află o mică clopotniță, ridicată pe doi stâlpi de pământ și acoperită cu șindrilă. Trebuie spus că biserica a deținut mai multe icoane vechi, cărți bisericești vechi și alte odoare de mare valoare, păstrate astăzi, în majoritatea lor, la Muzeul Mitropoliei Banatului din Timișoara. 
            În anul 1936, pentru susținerea bisericii, care era amenințată de prăbușire, s-au introdus în ziduri 6 stâlpi de susținere, din inițiativa lui Ioachim Miloia, director al Muzeului Banatului Timișoara. În 1962-1963, la insistențele Mitropoliei Banatului, Direcția Monumentelor Istorice întreprinde unele lucrări de restaurare. În ultimii 2-3 ani s-au efectuat alte lucrări de restaurare, la interior și la exterior, fiind înlocuită din nou șindrila acoperișului, afectată de trecerea vremii. După anul 1990, Mănăstirea Cebza a fost reactivată, construindu-se o nouă biserică, mult mai mare, din cărămidă, frumos pictată și îngrijită, chilii și toate dependințele necesare unei mănăstiri, astfel că satul Cebza a devenit un important punct de pelerinaj pe harta Banatului și nu numai. Iubitorul de istorie și de spirit autentic bănățean românesc va aprecia însă, în primul rând, bătrâna bisericuța de lemn din cimitir, martor al scurgerii timpului și călăuză dreaptă a vremurilor ce vor veni. 

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